Monuments

Monuments ID: 64

The theme aims to trace the history of Lviv monuments and their symbolic role from the moment of their inception to their construction.

Story

This theme aims to trace the history of construction and the symbolic role of the monuments of Lviv from the moment of their inception. The biographies and activities of the authors of the monuments of Lviv also will be researched in the framework of the project. The historical role of those, to whom the monuments were dedicated, will also be indicated and the history of the monument itself will be traced.

From the middle of the nineteenth century, new features appear in the urban environment of Lviv. Among the first are wells and fountains, which not only meet the everyday needs of the city's residents but also acquire vivid aesthetic meaning due to their decoration. More attention is paid to sculptures that serve religious purposes, such as apotropaic sculptures and reliefs on buildings and bridges or sculptural groups devoted to Saints. In 1859 the first secular monument is erected. Since then, vacant squares of the city have been used to build monuments extolling poets, government representatives or prominent figures.

The theme is under the direction of Iryna Kotlobulatova and Serhiy Tereshchenko, employees of the Center for Urban History of East Central Europe.

Related buildings and spaces

  • Fountain with sculpture figure of Adonis

    According to historian Yuri Biriuliov, among the "best work of Hartman Witwer (1774-1825) ... are the four stone statues made out of limestone and located at the wells on Market Square – they embodied the allegories of earth (the sculptures of Diana and Adonis) and water (the sculptures of Neptune and Amphitrite). The Market Square figures were created some time between 1810 and 1814, and are mentioned in original sources first in 1815, when the city council passed a resolution forbidding damage to the sculptures during the celebration of the traditional Ukrainian "Jordan" holiday ([the celebration of the Baptism of Jesus, and] the sanctification of water)." On the western side of the square are fountains with the figures of Neptune (the southwestern corner) and Amphitrite (the northwestern corner). On the eastern side are fountains with the figures of Adonis (northeast) and Diana (southeast side).

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  • Fountain with a sculpture figure of Amphitrite

    According to historian Yuri Biriuliov, among the "best work of Hartman Witwer (1774-1825) are ... the four stone statues made out of limestone and located at the wells on Market Square – they embodied the allegory of earth (the sculptures of Diana and Adonis) and water (the sculptures of Neptune and Amphitrite). The Market Square figures were created some time between 1810 and 1814, and are mentioned in original sources first in 1815, when the city council passed a resolution forbidding damage to the sculptures during the celebration of the traditional Ukrainian "Jordan" holiday ([the celebration of the Baptism of Jesus, and] the sanctification of water)." On the western side of the square are fountains with the figures of Neptune (the southwestern corner) and Amphitrite (the northwestern corner). On the eastern side are fountains with the figures of Adonis (northeast) and Diana (southeast side).

    Read more
  • Fountain with a sculpture figure of Diana

    According to historian Yuri Biriuliov, among the "best work of Hartman Witwer (1774-1825) are ... the four stone statues made out of limestone and located at the wells on Market Square – they embodied the allegory of earth (the sculptures of Diana and Adonis) and water (the sculptures of Neptune and Amphitrite). The Market Square figures were created some time between 1810 and 1814, and are mentioned in original sources first in 1815, when the city council passed a resolution forbidding damage to the sculptures during the celebration of the traditional Ukrainian "Jordan" holiday ([the celebration of the Baptism of Jesus, and] the sanctification of water)." On the western side of the square are fountains with the figures of Neptune (the southwestern corner) and Amphitrite (the northwestern corner). On the eastern side are fountains with the figures of Adonis (northeast) and Diana (southeast side).

    Read more
  • Fountain with a sculpture figure of Neptune

    According to historian Yuri Biriuliov, among the "best work of Hartman Witwer (1774-1825) are ... the four stone statues made out of limestone and located at the wells on Market Square – they embodied the allegory of earth (the sculptures of Diana and Adonis) and water (the sculptures of Neptune and Amphitrite). The Market Square figures were created some time between 1810 and 1814, and are mentioned in original sources first in 1815, when the city council passed a resolution forbidding damage to the sculptures during the celebration of the traditional Ukrainian "Jordan" holiday ([the celebration of the Baptism of Jesus, and] the sanctification of water)." On the western side of the square are fountains with the figures of Neptune (the southwestern corner) and Amphitrite (the northwestern corner). On the eastern side are fountains with the figures of Adonis (northeast) and Diana (southeast side).

    Read more
  • Prosp. Chornovola – Lviv Ghetto Victims memorial
    An initiative to set up a monument to victims of the Lviv ghetto was taken by the Sholem Aleichem Society of Jewish Culture (1988). The monument was installed in 1992 under a project designed by sculptor Luiza Shterenshtein and architect Vasyl Plikhivskyi. A place near the railway bridge was chosen for its location, where the main entrance to the ghetto had been located.
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  • Lychakivskyi Park territory – monument to Bartosz Glowacki
    The monument to Wojciech Bartosz, a peasant leader, who participated in the uprising led by Tadeusz Kosciuszko, was established in 1906 on the initiative of Polish craftsmen of Lviv. The monument was produced by Lviv sculptors Julian Markowski and Hryhoriy Kuznevych (Grzegorz Kuźniewicz).
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  • Vul. Pidvalna – monument to Ivan Fedorov

    The monument to the printing pioneer was established in 1977, primarily to emphasize the cultural ties between Moscow and Lviv. Today the area around the monument is known for the fact that used books and other, often rare, things are sold here.

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  • Vul. Universytetska – monument to Ivan Franko
    The monument was installed in 1964 opposite the building of the Lviv State University, renamed in honor of the writer in 1939.
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  • Pl. Pidkovy – monument to Ivan Pidkova

    The monument to the Cossack kosh otaman was installed here in 1982. It was made by sculptor Petro Kulyk. 

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  • Pl. Henerala Hryhorenka – monument to St. George the Dragon Slayer

    The monument to St. George the Dragon Slayer was erected on Hryhorenka Square (former Smolky Square) in 1999 by sculptors Andriy and Volodymyr Sukhorski). The monument rises in front of the current building of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine and is dedicated to the memory of all those who have died in the fight against crime. Until 1946 a monument to Franciszek Smolka, local Polish liberal politician who lived in a building on this square (number 4) was located here.  

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  • Vul. Virmenska, 7 – St. Christopher column
    The column representing the patron saint of the Armenians appeared in the Armenian quarter of Lviv in 1726, when the reconstruction of the Armenian cathedral was completed. The initiator of the installation was Krzysztof Augustynowicz.
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  • Vul. Pekarska – monument to Doctors who Died during World War II

    Monument to Doctors Who Died During World War II is located in the center of a flowerbed in front of the oldest building of the Medical University (Pekarska 52). This the work of sculptor Petro Kushnir and architect Apolon Ohranovych, completed in 1975.

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  • Pl. Mitskevycha – monument to Adam Mickiewicz

    The monument to the national Polish poet was opened on 30 October 1904. Its construction was carried out from late 1903 under the supervision of Alfred Zachariewicz and Józef Sosnowski. The author of the project, who won an architectural competition, was Antoni Popiel, a famous sculptor. Earlier, there was a figure of the Virgin Mary on its place.

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  • Vul. Kopernyka – monument to the First Printers by the Book Museum

    The graduating diploma project by Lviv sculptor Anatolii Halian, graduate of the Lviv Institute of Applied and Decorative Arts (now the Academy of Art, 2009), was placed in the courtyard of St. Onufria church on B. Khmelnytskoho Street in 1971. The work is a three-figured thematic composition of a printer and his apprentices. The church itself – where Ivan Fedorov was buried in 1583 – used to house the Museum of the History of Ukrainian Books and Printing, a branch of the Lviv Picture Gallery. After the collapse of the Soviet Union the monastery and St. Onufria Church complex was returned to its former owners, the Basilian order. The Museum of Printing, which is now known as the Museum of Early Ukrainian Handwritten Books, is currently located in the park that surrounds the Pototski Palace on Kopernika Street 15, with a sculptural composition "First Printers" in front of the entrance to the museum.

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  • Vul. Kopernyka – Monument to Markian Shashkevych
    The creators of the monument to Markian Shashkewych were famous Lvivan sculptors Dmytro Krvavych and Mykola Posikira. The grand opening of the monument took place on September 15, 1990 on Copernicus Street, at the site of the ruined seminary Church of the Holy Spirit.
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  • Prosp. Svobody – monument to Taras Shevchenko

    The monument to the Ukrainian national poet was opened on 24 August 1992. By 1996, it was complemented with a 12-meter decorative stele with reliefs, supposed to symbolize the wave of national revival.

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  • Vul. Stefanyka – monument to Vasyl Stefanyk

    In 1971 a monument to the writer Vasyl Stefanyk was constructed on the occasion of the 100th anniversary of his birth; the monument was placed in front of the entrance to the Scientific Library of the Ukrainian Academy of Science, which was renamed in Stefanyk’s honor. The sculptor was Volodymyr Skolozdra, and the architect was Myron Vendzylovych.

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  • Vul. Zolota – monument to Teofil Wisniowski and Josef Kapuscinski

    A marble obelisk under a project designed by Julian Markowski was set up in 1895 to commemorate Teofil Wisńiowski and Józef Kapusciński, participants of the November uprising of 1830-1831 in the Russian-administered Kingdom of Poland, as well as of movements directed against the Austrian Empire, who were executed there in 1847.

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  • Vul. Bibliotechna – the Sykstuses Column
    The Sykstuses Column (named after the Sykstus family, the owners of a land plot and former manor) was constructed in 1580 as a boundary-marking post, or perhaps a memorial. The planes of the tall quadrilateral pedestal exhibited relief Crucifixion scenes, as well as Latin inscriptions; the column was crowned by a cross. Twenty years later the foundations of a chapel were laid close to the site; construction of the chapel was funded by noblewoman Anna Pstrokońska. The chapel was extended, eventually ending in the construction of the St. Mary Magdalene Church on this spot. Today (2009) the changed and deformed Sykstuses Column exists as a corner-post of the stone wall, surrounding the St. Mary Magdalene Church, which functions as the Organ Music House.
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  • Pl. Mariyska – Virgin Mary statue

    The sculpture of the Virgin Mary was installed on 14 October 1997, on the feast of the Protection of the Mother of God. It is a copy of the statue which stood there from 1904 till the end of the Second World War.

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  • Vul. Snizhna – Virgin Mary Statue (does not exist)

    The Church of Virgin Mary of Snow, one of the oldest churches in the city, was reconstructed in the late nineteenth century by architect Julian Zachariewicz. After the renovation of the exterior and the interior of the church was completed, a statue of Virgin Mary was installed on a pedestal to the right of the church's main entrance. The statue was taken from the Missionaries Church in the suburb of Zamarstynów/Zamarstyniv. The prevailing opinion among art historians is that the statue was authored by Johann Georg Pinsel (1768). The statue “quietly” perished in the 1970s.

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  • Pl. Halytska – monument to King Danylo

    The monument, made under a project designed by sculptors Vasyl Yarych and Roman Romanovych and architect Yarema Churylyk, was installed in 2001. The monument was installed near the place of the former Galician gate, one of the two old entrances to the city.

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  • Vul. Stryiska – monument to the War Glory of the Soviet Army
    The monument was set up in 1970. Its authors were sculptors Dmytro Krvavych, Emanuil Mysko, Yaroslav Motyka, monumental artist Oleksandr Pyrozhkov, and architects Myron Vendzylovych and Apolon Ohranovych. Today the presence of the monument is the subject of heated debate. In 2007 the inscription "Glory to the Soviet Army" was replaced by "To the winners over Nazism".

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  • Vul. Ivana Franka – Bust to Ivan Franko
    In 1948, a monument to Ivan Franko was erected in front of the Home Museum of Ivan Franko (Ivana Franka Street 150-152). This is a bust of Franko placed on a low pedestal. The creator of this first monument to Ivan Franko in Lviv was the sculptor Pyvovarov.
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  • Stryiskyi Park territory – monument to Jan Kilinski
    The monument to this participant in the uprising led by Tadeusz Kosciuszko was established on the initiative of Lviv craftsmen. The monument was designed by architect Julian Zachariewicz (1888) and made by sculptor Julian Markowski. It was established in 1895.
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  • Pl. Shashkevycha – Monument to the Victims of Communist Crimes
    The monument was established in 1997 on the initiative of Vasyl Kubiv, a Soviet political prisoner, in the place where a monument to Yuriy Melnychuk, a Soviet publicist, stood previously.
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  • Prosp. Svobody – former monument to Stalin Constitution (does not exist)

    The monument to the Stalin Constitution was constructed in 1940 on the “island”  at the intersection of today's Svobody Boulevard, Hnatiuka Street, and Sviatoho Dukha Square. The monument was made of plywood and covered in concrete. The friendship of the peoples was symbolized by figures that stood in the lower part of the composition, which consisted of five columns. These were cement figures of a Red Army soldier, a worker, a mother with child, a female student, an a villager with a boy. The monument also bore inscriptions in Ukrainian, Polish and Hebrew.

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  • Pl. Henerala Hryhorenka – monument to Franciszek Smolka (does not exist)

    A monument to Franciszek Smolka, a Polish politician and a resident of Lviv, was installed on the square by sculptor Tadeusz Błotnicki in 1913 and dismantled in 1946.

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  • Prosp. Shevchenka – former monument to Kornel Ujejski
    The monument to Kornel Ujejski, "the last great poet of the Romantic era," was installed on the initiative of the Literary and Artistic Circle near the City Casino in 1901. It was made by sculptor Antony Popiel. After the Second World War the monument was transported to Szczecin (Poland).
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  • Pl. Soborna – St. Jan from Dukla Column

    This baroque column with a statue of the saint was installed near the former Bernardine monastery in 1736 sponsored by the voivod Seweryn Michał Rzewuski. The statue disappeared from the column around 1950, a vase was installed in its place.

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  • "Vysokyi Zamok" Park territory – the Mound of the Union of Lublin
    The construction of the Lublin Union Mound (pol. Kopiec Unii Lubelskiej) began in 1869 in honor of the 300th anniversary of the union between Poland, Lithuania, and Ruthenia on the initiative of Franciszek Smolka, a Polish politician and Lviv citizen. Today there is an observation area there, one of the most popular tourist destinations of the city.
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  • Vul. Lysenka – monument to Jan III Sobieski (does not exist)

    In 1890 the monument to King Jan III Sobieski – a stone bust on a high pedestal – was erected on the square in front of the city tower. It was constructed by Tadeusz Baroncz (1849-1905) and disappeared after World War II. 

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  • Pl. Petrushevycha – monument to Yaroslav Halan (does not exist)

    The monument to Yaroslav Halan, a Ukrainian Soviet writer, was set up here in 1972 on the then Ostrovskoho square. It was dismantled in 1992.

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  • Vul. Ivana Franka – former monument to Nikolai Kuznietsov
    The monument to the Soviet intelligence agent and diversionist was installed in 1962; in 1993 it was transported to Talitsa (Russia). This is the only Soviet monument moved away from Lviv.
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  • Vul. Arkhitektorska – monument to Lviv Eaglets (does not exist)

    The monument to the fallen participants of the 1918 battle for Lviv was installed near the main building of the Lviv Polytechnic in 1925. The authors of this project were architect Witold Wincenty Rawski, sculptors Józef Starzyński and Andrzej Albrycht. The monument was destroyed after 1950.

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  • Territory of Ivan Franko Park – monument to Agenor Goluchowski (does not exist)
    A monument to this Polish and Austrian politician, the governor of Galicia, was opened on 28 June 1901. It was designed by Paris-based Polish sculptor Cyprian Godebski. After the Second World War the monument disappeared under unknown circumstances; today a decorative vase is installed in its place.
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  • Prosp. Svobody – monument to Vladimir Lenin (does not exist)

    The monument to V. I. Lenin was erected in front of the entrance to the Opera House at the intersection of Hetmanski Waly and the park-garden located in the center of First of May Street (the central street of the city, from 1855 on called Karla Ludwika Street, in 1919 renamed Legionow Street, from 1959 on known as Lenina Boulevard, and in 1991 renamed Svobody Boulevard). The monument was the work of Moscow sculptor Serhii Merkurov (1881-1952), and architects V. Sharapenko and S. Frantsuz. The square in front of the Opera House was organized according to the project by architects Ivan Persykov and M. Yurchuk. A public meeting devoted to the unveiling of the monument to Lenin in Lviv was held on January 20, 1952.    

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  • Pl. Javorskoho – monument to Stanislaw Jablonowski (does not exist)
    The monument to the crown hetman, a Lviv citizen and defendant of Lviv from the Tatars in 1695, was the oldest secular monument in the city. It was installed in 1752-1754. Probably, its author was the sculptor Sebastian Fesinger. Originally, it stood on the square near the Jesuit college, but it has changed its location twice and disappeared under unknown circumstances after WW2.
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  • Fountain with sculpture figure of Adonis

    Fountain with sculpture figure of Adonis
  • Fountain with a sculpture figure of Amphitrite

    Fountain with a sculpture figure of Amphitrite
  • Fountain with a sculpture figure of Diana

    Fountain with a sculpture figure of Diana
  • Fountain with a sculpture figure of Neptune

    Fountain with a sculpture figure of Neptune
  • Prosp. Chornovola – Lviv Ghetto Victims memorial

    Prosp. Chornovola – Lviv Ghetto Victims memorial
  • Lychakivskyi Park territory – monument to Bartosz Glowacki

    Lychakivskyi Park territory – monument to Bartosz Glowacki
  • Vul. Pidvalna – monument to Ivan Fedorov

    Vul. Pidvalna – monument to Ivan Fedorov
  • Vul. Universytetska – monument to Ivan Franko

    Vul. Universytetska – monument to Ivan Franko
  • Pl. Pidkovy – monument to Ivan Pidkova

    Pl. Pidkovy – monument to Ivan Pidkova
  • Pl. Henerala Hryhorenka – monument to St. George the Dragon Slayer

    Pl. Henerala Hryhorenka – monument to St. George the Dragon Slayer
  • Vul. Virmenska, 7 – St. Christopher column

    Vul. Virmenska, 7 – St. Christopher column
  • Vul. Pekarska – monument to Doctors who Died during World War II

    Vul. Pekarska – monument to Doctors who Died during World War II
  • Pl. Mitskevycha – monument to Adam Mickiewicz

    Pl. Mitskevycha – monument to Adam Mickiewicz
  • Vul. Kopernyka – monument to the First Printers by the Book Museum

    Vul. Kopernyka – monument to the First Printers by the Book Museum
  • Vul. Kopernyka – Monument to Markian Shashkevych

    Vul. Kopernyka – Monument to Markian Shashkevych
  • Prosp. Svobody – monument to Taras Shevchenko

    Prosp. Svobody – monument to Taras Shevchenko
  • Vul. Stefanyka – monument to Vasyl Stefanyk

    Vul. Stefanyka – monument to Vasyl Stefanyk
  • Vul. Zolota – monument to Teofil Wisniowski and Josef Kapuscinski

    Vul. Zolota – monument to Teofil Wisniowski and Josef Kapuscinski
  • Vul. Bibliotechna – the Sykstuses Column

    Vul. Bibliotechna – the Sykstuses Column
  • Pl. Mariyska – Virgin Mary statue

    Pl. Mariyska – Virgin Mary statue
  • Vul. Snizhna – Virgin Mary Statue (does not exist)

    Vul. Snizhna – Virgin Mary Statue (does not exist)
  • Pl. Halytska – monument to King Danylo

    Pl. Halytska – monument to King Danylo
  • Vul. Stryiska – monument to the War Glory of the Soviet Army

    Vul. Stryiska – monument to the War Glory of the Soviet Army
  • Vul. Ivana Franka – Bust to Ivan Franko

    Vul. Ivana Franka – Bust to Ivan Franko
  • Stryiskyi Park territory – monument to Jan Kilinski

    Stryiskyi Park territory – monument to Jan Kilinski
  • Pl. Shashkevycha – Monument to the Victims of Communist Crimes

    Pl. Shashkevycha – Monument to the Victims of Communist Crimes
  • Prosp. Svobody – former monument to Stalin Constitution (does not exist)

    Prosp. Svobody – former monument to Stalin Constitution (does not exist)
  • Pl. Henerala Hryhorenka – monument to Franciszek Smolka (does not exist)

    Pl. Henerala Hryhorenka – monument to Franciszek Smolka (does not exist)
  • Prosp. Shevchenka – former monument to Kornel Ujejski

    Prosp. Shevchenka – former monument to Kornel Ujejski
  • Pl. Soborna – St. Jan from Dukla Column

    Pl. Soborna – St. Jan from Dukla Column
  • "Vysokyi Zamok" Park territory – the Mound of the Union of Lublin

    "Vysokyi Zamok" Park territory – the Mound of the Union of Lublin
  • Vul. Lysenka – monument to Jan III Sobieski (does not exist)

    Vul. Lysenka – monument to Jan III Sobieski (does not exist)
  • Pl. Petrushevycha – monument to Yaroslav Halan (does not exist)

    Pl. Petrushevycha – monument to Yaroslav Halan (does not exist)
  • Vul. Ivana Franka – former monument to Nikolai Kuznietsov

    Vul. Ivana Franka – former monument to Nikolai Kuznietsov
  • Vul. Arkhitektorska – monument to Lviv Eaglets (does not exist)

    Vul. Arkhitektorska – monument to Lviv Eaglets (does not exist)
  • Territory of Ivan Franko Park – monument to Agenor Goluchowski (does not exist)

    Territory of Ivan Franko Park – monument to Agenor Goluchowski (does not exist)
  • Prosp. Svobody – monument to Vladimir Lenin (does not exist)

    Prosp. Svobody – monument to Vladimir Lenin (does not exist)
  • Pl. Javorskoho – monument to Stanislaw Jablonowski (does not exist)

    Pl. Javorskoho – monument to Stanislaw Jablonowski (does not exist)

Author(s): Iryna Kotlobulatova, Serhiy Tereshchenko